Canonical question: What materials should a beginner prepare for an NIW DIY case, and in what order?
Expected output: A staged DIY materials checklist separating official filing items from app-outside working artifacts.
TL;DR
小白最容易犯的错,不是材料太少,而是把 4 种东西混在一起:
official filing itemsevidence materialsproduct inputsapp 外工作表
这 4 类不是一回事。
下文提到的 proof map、route stack map、recommender brief worksheet、section role checklist 都是 internal working artifacts,用来帮你自己管理 case。它们不是 USCIS 术语,也不是当前产品里的现成字段或按钮。
Why you should read this now
如果你现在脑子里还是这些问题:
- “我是不是先去找推荐人?”
- “我是不是先把所有 PDF 都收齐?”
- “Case 里到底先填什么?”
- “哪些东西是 filing 必需,哪些只是准备过程里有帮助?”
那你需要的不是更多经验帖,而是一张顺序明确的 checklist。
Use this if
- 你是第一次自己推进 NIW
- 你想知道每种材料是干什么的
- 你想知道哪些先准备,哪些后准备
Not for you if
- 你已经接近 final packet,只剩 exhibit labeling 和 final QA
- 你当前是 RFE repair,不是从零组织材料
Read this checklist in 4 buckets
1. Orientation materials
这类材料先帮你建立判断框架,不直接进 packet:
beginner orientation notepersonal glossarygate memoworkflow timeline
2. Product inputs
这类内容主要进当前产品页面:
/app/case- personal info
- education history / projects
- professional history / projects
- future plan facts
- evidence inventory
/app/case/recommendations- referrer identity
- relationship facts
- endorsed materials
/app/case/petition- petition draft / review actions
3. Evidence materials
这类是用来证明事实的 record:
- degree / transcript / diploma 等底层资格材料
- experience letters / licenses / certifications / awards
- publication / citation / patent / media / adoption / implementation records
- customer interest / investor interest / government or industry validation
- recommendation letters
4. App-outside working artifacts
这类不直接是 USCIS filing item,但对 DIY 管理很重要:
route stack mapproof map worksheetexternal validation planrecommender brief worksheetsection role checklistpacket checklist
The beginner order
Step 1. 先准备判断层,不要先收一切
先完成:
- 你走哪个
underlying EB-2 gate - 你的
proposed endeavor是什么 - 你的 reading order 是什么
这个阶段的产物:
gate memoendeavor statementworkflow timeline
Step 2. 在 /app/case 补 facts 和现有材料
先把你已经有的东西填进去:
- resume / profile facts
- education and work history
- projects and future plan
- 已有 evidence links 或 documents
不要在 facts 还没补全时,先写长段 narrative。
Step 3. 做 route 和 evidence 工作表
这个阶段先在 app 外整理:
route stack mapproof map worksheetimpact / activity / bridgeevidence audit
目的不是“多做表”,而是避免把 officer 要看的 proof line 和你的材料堆混在一起。
Step 4. 再进入 PE / RL / PL drafting
当 route 和 evidence 已经比较稳时,再准备:
- PE draft
- recommender list +
recommender brief worksheet - RL drafts
- PL outline +
section role checklist
Step 5. 最后才是 final filing items
真正接近 filing 时,再核:
Form I-140- 当前 USCIS page 要求的
ETA-9089 Appendix A - 当前 USCIS page 要求的 signed
ETA-9089 Final Determination - packet index / exhibit grouping
- consistency checklist
A novice-friendly checklist
阶段 | 你要准备什么 | 为什么 | 放在哪里
Orientation | beginner orientation note、personal glossary | 先建立判断框架 | app 外
EB-2 gate | degree / experience / exceptional ability support | 证明底层资格 | /app/case + evidence files
Endeavor | endeavor statement、broader implications note | 定义 officer 实际审的对象 | /app/case/proposed-endeavors + app 外 memo
Evidence design | proof map worksheet、evidence audit | 让 claims 和 evidence 对上 | app 外
Recommendations | referrer info、relationship facts、endorsed materials | 给 RL workflow 提供真实输入 | /app/case/recommendations
Petition drafting | PL draft、section role checklist | 让 section 分工清楚 | /app/case/petition + app 外
Filing | packet checklist、forms、exhibit index | 保证 mechanics 和 readability | app 外 + filing packet
Common mistakes
- 一上来就开始收推荐信,却还没定 endeavor。
- 把
proof map误以为是当前产品里已有对象。 - facts 没进
/app/case,却已经在写Petition Letter。 - 把所有 supporting PDFs 都叫 “evidence”,但没分清哪些在证明哪条线。
- filing items 还没核清,就先做 packet 排版。
After reading do this
- 先列一个
materials checklist,按上面的 5 个阶段排。 - 回到
/app/case,只补你已经确定会用到的 facts 和 records。 - 在 app 外先做
proof map worksheet,再决定推荐信、PE、PL 谁先推进。
Related reads
Start Here / NIW FoundationsHow to Use Dashboard / Case / Proposed Endeavors / Recommendations / PetitionFinal Packet Assembly
Sources / basis
- USCIS Policy Manual, Volume 1, Part E, Chapter 6
- USCIS Policy Manual, Volume 6, Part F, Chapter 5
- USCIS, Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2
- USCIS, Petition Filing and Processing Procedures for Form I-140
Related reads
- Start Here / NIW Foundations:零基础先建立这 5 个判断 - 先搞清 category、underlying EB-2、proposed endeavor、Dhanasar prongs、DIY scope,再进入细分文章。
- How to Use Dashboard / Case / Proposed Endeavors / Recommendations / Petition - 小白不要只知道页面名;要知道每个模块要输入什么、会产出什么、下一步去哪。
- Final Packet Assembly:I-140 / ETA-9089 / Appendix A / Final Determination / exhibits 怎么组织 - 提交包不是把文件堆起来,而是把 required filing items 和 adjudication evidence 排成 officer 易读的顺序。
Source basis
- [1] 1 USCIS-PM E.6; 6 USCIS-PM F.5(D) - USCIS Policy Manual
- [2] Employment-Based Immigration: Second Preference EB-2 - USCIS EB-2 filing guidance
- [3] Petition Filing and Processing Procedures for Form I-140 - USCIS I-140 filing procedures
- [4] Core module responsibilities for Dashboard/Case/Recommendations/Petition - Repository README and frontend routes